Depends on the background of the students, 1/3 to 1/2 of the lectures will be given by the instructor for introducing basic concepts in all aspects of cellular reprogramming, including somatic cell nuclear transfer, stem cell differentiation and the application in regenerative medicine. For the rest of the classes, students will be assigned the most updated original research papers as well as the milestone publications. They will be randomly divided into 2 groups for each assignment. One group will be presenting the articles and students in the other group are expected to challenge the papers from the experimental design, the methodology to the interpretation of the data. Students in the 1st group should defend for the papers as if it’s their manuscript. Students from the 2nd group should also provide constructive advice as how to improve the manuscript so that it can be published in a higher impact journal.